SAP Modules

A)   Environments for SAP ERP

1.     Supported Hardware

2.     Supported Database

3.     Supported Operating System

B)   COMPLETE MODULES OF SAP ERP

1.     Basis

2.     ABAP/4 Programming

3.     FI (Financial Accounting)

4.     CO (Controlling)

5.     EC (Enterprise Controlling)

6.     TR (Treasury)

7.     IM (Investment Management)

8.     HR (Human Resource)

9.     SD (Sales and Distribution)

10. Logistics Information System

11. MM (Materials Management)

12. PM (Plant Maintenance)

13. PP (Production Planning)

14.  QM - Quality Management

15. BW (Business Warehousing)

16. IS (Industry Solutions) / SAP for Industries specific solutions

17. CS (Customer Service)

18. SMB

19. CA (Cross Application Components)

20. PS (Project Systems)

21. mySAP SEM

22. mySAP CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

23. mySAP Product Life Cycle Management

24. SCM (SAP Supply Chain Management)

25. Netweaver

26. mySAP SRM (Supplier Relationship Management)

A) ENVIRONMENTS FOR SAP

1.    Supported Hardware for SAP ERP

SAP can be installed on the following systems. The functionality and programming technique is same for all systems.

1.1.           HP

1.2.           IBM

1.3.           Sun

1.4.           AT&T

1.5.           AS400

1.6.           Bull

1.7.           Sequent

1.8.           SNI

1.9.           Compaq Digital

2.    Supported Database for SAP ERP

SAP is a back-end-free ERP system. That means the following Database can be used in SAP software. The functionality/programming technique is same for all database system.

2.1.           Oracle

2.2.           MS SQL

2.3.           Informix

2.4.           Sybase

2.5.           Adabas D

2.6.           DB2 for AIX

2.7.           DB2/400

3.    Supported Operating System for SAP

SAP can be installed on the following platforms (Operating systems):

3.1.           MS Windows NT

3.2.           OS/400

3.3.           Unix

3.4.           Solaris

3.5.           AIX

3.6.           HP UX

3.7.           Sinux

B) Complete SAP Modules:

1.    SAP Basis

1.1.           Security (BC - SEC)

1.2.           Application Link Enabling (ALE)

1.3.           Remote Function Calls (RFC)

1.4.           Object Linking and Embedding (OLE)

1.5.           Common Program Interface Communications (CPI-C)

1.6.           Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

1.7.           Customizing (BC-CUS)

1.8.           ABAP Programming and Runtime Environment (BC - ABA)

1.9.           Client Server Technology (BC - CST)

1.10.       Network Integration (BC - NET)

1.11.       Basis Services/ Communication Interfaces (BC - SRV)

1.12.       Computing Center Management System (BC - CCM)

1.13.       Upgrade General (BC - UPG)

1.14.       Change and Transport System (BC - CTS)

1.15.       Operating System Platform(BC - OP)

1.16.       Database Interface, database platforms (BC - DB)

1.17.       Front End Services (BC - FES)

1.18.       ABAP Workbench (BC - DWB)

1.19.       Documentation and Translation Tools (BC - DOC)

1.20.       Controls and Control Framework (BC - CI)  

1.21.       Business Management (BC - BMT)

1.22.       Middleware (BC - MID)

1.23.       Computer Aided Test Tool (BC - CAT)

1.24.       Ready to Run R/3 (BC - BRR)

1.25.       Authorisations System Monitoring with CCMS Workload Alert Monitor

2.    ABAP/4 Programming

2.1             ABAP Workbench

2.2             Menu Painter

2.3             Screen Painter

2.4             Data Dictionary

2.5             SAP Script

2.6             Business Workflow (BC - WF)

2.7             ALE

2.8             EDI

2.9             Business Connector

2.10         Business Server Pages

2.11         Internet Application Server

2.12         Mercator Report Painter

2.13         ALV reporting

2.14         Report writer

2.15         Dialog Programming

2.16         Repository Information System

2.17         ABAP 00

2.18         IDOCS

2.19         LSMW

2.20         Smartforms

2.21         EBP

2.22         ASAP methodology

2.23         ABAP Query

3.    SAP FI (Financial Accounting)

3.1.           General Ledger Accounting (FI - GL)

3.2.           Special Ledger (FI - SL)

3.3.           Extended Ledger

3.4.           Accounts Payable (FI- AP)

3.5.           Accounts Receivable (FI - AR)

3.6.           Asset Accounting (FI - AA)

3.7.           Bank Accounting

3.8.           Funds Management (FI - FM)

3.9.           Travel Management (FI-TM)

3.10.       Consolidation

4.    SAP CO (Controlling)

4.1.           Cost Centre Accounting (CO - CCA)

4.2.           Overhead Cost Controlling (CO - OM)

4.3.           Activity Based Coding (CO - ABC)

4.4.           Product Cost Controlling (CO - PC)

4.5.           Profitability Analysis (CO - PA)

4.6.           Material Ledger (CO - ML)

5.    SAP EC (Enterprise Controlling)

5.1.           Consolidation (EC - CS)

5.2.           Executive Information System (EC-EIS)

5.3.           Profit Center Accounting (EC - PCA)

5.4.           Business Planning and Budgeting

6.    SAP TR (Treasury)

6.1.           Cash Management (TR - CM)

6.2.           Loans Management (TR - LM)

6.3.           Market Risk Management (TR - MRM)

6.4.           Treasury Management (TR - TM)

6.5.           Funds Management (TR - FM)

6.6.           Information System

7.    SAP IM (Investment Management)

7.1.           Investment Programmes

7.2.           Investment Measures (orders/products)

7.3.           Corporation Wide Budgeting

7.4.           Appropriation Requests

7.5.           Automatic Settlement of Fixed Assets

7.6.           Depreciation Forecast

7.7.           Information System

8.    SAP HR (Human Resource)

8.1.           Recruitment

8.2.           Personnel Administration

8.3.           Benefits Administration

8.4.           Compensation Management

8.5.           Personnel Development

8.6.           Organizational Management

8.7.           Travel Management

8.8.           Training and Events Management

8.9.           Personnel Planning

8.10.       Time Management

8.11.       Incentive

8.12.       Wages

8.13.       Workflow

8.14.       Payroll

8.15.       Internet Scenarios

8.16.       Information System

9.    SAP SD (Sales and Distribution)

9.1.           Master Data

9.2.           Sales

9.3.           Sales Support

9.4.           Sales Information System

9.5.           Billing

9.6.           Special Business Transactions

9.7.           Shipping

9.8.           Transportation

9.9.           Credit Control

9.10.       QM in SD

9.11.       Internet

9.12.       Foreign Trade

9.13.       Electronic Data Interchange

10.           SAP Logistics Information System

10.1.       Purchasing Information System

10.2.       Sales Information System

10.3.       Inventory Controlling

10.4.       Retail Information System

10.5.       Production Planning and Control Information System

10.6.       Plant Maintenance Information System

10.7.       Project Information System

11.           SAP MM (Materials Management)

11.1.       Purchasing

11.2.       Invoice Verification

11.3.       Logistics (General)

11.4.       Logistics Information System

11.5.       Inventory Management

11.6.       Inventory / Valuations

11.7.       Materials Planning

11.8.       Workflow

11.9.       External Services Management

11.10.  QM in MM

11.11.  Warehouse Management

12.           SAP PM (Plant Maintenance)

12.1.       Preventative Maintenance

12.2.       Maintenance Order Management

12.3.       Maintenance Projects

12.4.       Service Management

12.5.       Maintenance Planning

12.6.       Equipment and Technical Objects

12.7.       Structuring Technical Systems

12.8.       PM Processing

12.9.       Work Clearance Management

12.10.  Internet Scenarios

12.11.  Customising

12.12.  Information System

13.           SAP PP (Production Planning)

13.1.       Make to Order (CR)

13.2.       Make to Order (PIR)

13.3.       Repetitive Manufacturing

13.4.       PP for Process Industries (PP - PI)

13.5.       PP - Processes

13.6.       Sales and Operations Planning

13.7.       Capacity requirements

13.8.       Master Planning

13.9.       KANBAN

13.10.  Production Orders

13.11.  Product Cost Planning

13.12.  Plant Data Collection

13.13.  Assembly Orders

13.14.  Information System

14.           SAP QM - Quality Management

14.1.       Planning

14.2.       Inspections

14.3.       Notifications

14.4.       Control

14.5.       Certificates

14.6.       Test Equipment Management

14.7.       QM-IS

15.           SAP BW (Business Warehousing)

15.1.       Data Warehousing

15.2.       BI Suite - Business Explorer

15.3.       BI Platform

15.4.       ODS Structures

15.5.       Development Technologies

15.6.       Info Cube

15.7.       Design Build

16.           SAP CS (Customer Service)

16.1.       Service Processing

16.2.       Controlling

16.3.       Service Contracts

16.4.       Workflow in Customer Service

17.           SAP SMB

17.1.       SAP SMB

18.           SAP CA (Cross Application Components)

18.1.       SAP Business Workflow

18.2.       Application Link Enabling (ALE)

19.           SAP PS (Project Systems)

19.1.       Basic Data

19.2.       Operational Structures

19.3.       Project Planning

19.4.       Approval

19.5.       Information System

19.6.       Project Execution and Integration

19.7.       Work Breakdown Structure

20.           mySAP SRM (Supplier Relationship Management)

20.1.       Self Service Procurement

20.2.       Service Procurement

20.3.       Plan Driven Procurement

20.4.       Spend Analysis

20.5.       Strategic Sourcing

20.6.       Catalogue Content Management

21.           mySAP SEM

21.1.       Business Consolidation (SEM-BCS)

21.2.       Business Information Collection (SEM-BIC)

21.3.       Business Planning and Simulation (BW-BPS)

21.4.       Corporate Performance Monitor (SEM-CPM)

21.5.       Stakeholder Relationship Management (SEM-SRM)

22.           mySAP CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

22.1.       CRM Enterprise

22.2.       Field Applications

22.3.       Interaction Center

22.4.       E-Commerce

22.5.       Channel Management

22.6.       Industry Specific CRM

23.           mySAP Product Life Cycle Management

23.1.       Document Management

23.2.       Engineering Change Management

23.3.       Enterprise Content Management

23.4.       Classification

23.5.       Basic Data for Process Manufacturing

24.           SAP SCM (SAP Supply Chain Management)

24.1.       SCM Process and Business Scenarios

24.2.       SAP Forecasting and Replenishment

24.3.       SAP Advance Planning and Optimization (SAP - APO)

24.4.       SAP Inventory Collaboration Hub (SAP - OCH)

24.5.       SAP Event Management (SAP - EM)

24.6.       SCM Basis

25.           SAP Netweaver

25.1.       SAP Masterdata Management

25.2.       Information Integration

25.3.       Portal Content

25.4.       Process Integration

25.5.       Knowledge Management

25.6.       Life Cycle Management

25.7.       SAP Business Intelligence

25.8.       SAP Visual Composer

25.9.       People Integration

25.10.  Application Platform

25.11.  SAP Web Application Server

25.12.  SAP Business Information Warehouse

25.13.  SAP Solution Manager

25.14.  SAP Enterprise Portal

25.15.  SAP Mobile Engine

25.16.  Security

26.           SAP IS (Industry Solutions) / SAP for Industries

SAP has the following industries specific solutions:

26.1.       Aerospace & Defence

26.2.       Consumer Products

26.3.       Defence & Security

26.4.       Retail

26.5.       Insurance

26.6.       Mill Products

26.7.       Higher Education & Research

26.8.       Industrial Machinery & Components

26.9.       Logistics Service Providers

26.10.  Automotive

26.11.  Chemicals

26.12.  Pharmaceuticals

26.13.  Banking

26.14.  Telecoms

26.15.  Life Sciences

26.16.  Mining

26.17.  Public Sector

26.18.  Service Provider

26.19.  Media

26.20.  Healthcare

26.21.  Oil & Gas

26.22.  Utilities

26.23.  Postal Services

Besides the above functionalities and flexibilities, SAP also adding new features, new modules, new environment and new industry specific solutions to its flagship ERP product continuously.

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19.3.       Project Planning

19.4.       Approval

19.5.       Information System

19.6.       Project Execution and Integration

19.7.       Work Breakdown Structure

20.           mySAP SRM (Supplier Relationship Management)

20.1.       Self Service Procurement

20.2.       Service Procurement

20.3.       Plan Driven Procurement

20.4.       Spend Analysis

20.5.       Strategic Sourcing

20.6.       Catalogue Content Management

21.           mySAP SEM

21.1.       Business Consolidation (SEM-BCS)

21.2.       Business Information Collection (SEM-BIC)

21.3.       Business Planning and Simulation (BW-BPS)

21.4.       Corporate Performance Monitor (SEM-CPM)

21.5.       Stakeholder Relationship Management (SEM-SRM)

22.           mySAP CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

22.1.       CRM Enterprise

22.2.       Field Applications

22.3.       Interaction Center

22.4.       E-Commerce

22.5.       Channel Management

22.6.       Industry Specific CRM

23.           mySAP Product Life Cycle Management

23.1.       Document Management

23.2.       Engineering Change Management

23.3.       Enterprise Content Management

23.4.       Classification

23.5.       Basic Data for Process Manufacturing

24.           SAP SCM (SAP Supply Chain Management)

24.1.       SCM Process and Business Scenarios

24.2.       SAP Forecasting and Replenishment

24.3.       SAP Advance Planning and Optimization (SAP - APO)

24.4.       SAP Inventory Collaboration Hub (SAP - OCH)

24.5.       SAP Event Management (SAP - EM)

24.6.       SCM Basis

25.           SAP Netweaver

25.1.       SAP Masterdata Management

25.2.       Information Integration

25.3.       Portal Content

25.4.       Process Integration

25.5.       Knowledge Management

25.6.       Life Cycle Management

25.7.       SAP Business Intelligence

25.8.       SAP Visual Composer

25.9.       People Integration

25.10.  Application Platform

25.11.  SAP Web Application Server

25.12.  SAP Business Information Warehouse

25.13.  SAP Solution Manager

25.14.  SAP Enterprise Portal

25.15.  SAP Mobile Engine

25.16.  Security

26.           SAP IS (Industry Solutions) / SAP for Industries

SAP has the following industries specific solutions:

26.1.       Aerospace & Defence

26.2.       Consumer Products

26.3.       Defence & Security

26.4.       Retail

26.5.       Insurance

26.6.       Mill Products

26.7.       Higher Education & Research

26.8.       Industrial Machinery & Components

26.9.       Logistics Service Providers

26.10.  Automotive

26.11.  Chemicals

26.12.  Pharmaceuticals

26.13.  Banking

26.14.  Telecoms

26.15.  Life Sciences

26.16.  Mining

26.17.  Public Sector

26.18.  Service Provider

26.19.  Media

26.20.  Healthcare

26.21.  Oil & Gas

26.22.  Utilities

26.23.  Postal Services

Besides the above functionalities and flexibilities, SAP also adding new features, new modules, new environment and new industry specific solutions to its flagship ERP product continuously.

Roles

Business Analysis is the process of understanding business change needs, assessing the impact of those changes, capturing, analysing and documenting requirements and then supporting the communication and delivery of those requirements with relevant parties.

The term "Software Architect" is somewhat vague. The definitions we can give depend on the context. This article concentrates on architects working with a small to medium team, on multiple projects, but not so many. In these conditions, the software architect also acts as a technical expert on one or multiple platforms.

During the DotNetGuru Symposium 2003, Sami Jaber presented two kinds of architects:

·         functional architects, who optimize business processes, and have a very good knowledge about analysis methods;

·         technical architects, who design long-term, reliable and adaptive technical architectures, and constitute a technical gateway between the project manager and the developers.

We can come across other kinds of architects. You can refer to the resources presented at the bottom of this page to learn more. We will focus here on technical architects, and not on functional architects.

Here is the role of a technical architect, according to Sami:

·         Anticipate on technological evolutions

·         Build durable architectures

o    Independence with regard to API/framework providers

·         Promote genericity and abstraction

·         Bridge between developers, project managers, and business experts

·         Technological evangelization, sharp sense of communication

·         Ensure the technical directions and choices

·         Often mixed culture (.NET/J2EE/opensource)

·         First a role instead of a job

GSM:

GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications, originally Groupe Spécial Mobile), is a standard set developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe technologies for second generation (2G) digital cellular networks. Developed as a replacement for first generation (1G) analog cellular networks, the GSM standard originally described a digital, circuit switched network optimized for full duplex voice telephony. The standard was expanded over time to include first circuit switched data transport, then packet data transport via GPRS(General Packet Radio Services). Packet data transmission speeds were later increased via EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution) referred as EGPRS. The GSM standard is more improved after the development of third generation (3G) UMTS standard developed by the 3GPP. GSM networks will evolve further as they begin to incorporate fourth generation (4G) LTE Advanced standards. "GSM" is a trademark owned by the GSM Association.

CDMA:

Code division multiple access (CDMA) is a channel access method used by various radio communication technologies. It should not be confused with themobile phone standards called cdmaOne, CDMA2000 (the 3G evolution of cdmaOne) and WCDMA (the 3G standard used by GSM carriers), which are often referred to as simply CDMA, and use CDMA as an underlying channel access method.

One of the concepts in data communication is the idea of allowing several transmitters to send information simultaneously over a single communication channel. This allows several users to share a band of frequencies (see bandwidth). This concept is called multiple access. CDMA employs spread-spectrum technology and a special coding scheme (where each transmitter is assigned a code) to allow multiple users to be multiplexed over the same physical channel. By contrast, time division multiple access (TDMA) divides access by time, while frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) divides it by frequency. CDMA is a form of spread-spectrum signalling, since the modulated coded signal has a much higher data bandwidth than the data being communicated.

3G:

3G or 3rd generation mobile telecommunications is a generation of standards for mobile phones and mobile telecommunication services fulfilling the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) specifications by the International Telecommunication Union.^[1] Application services include wide-area wireless voice telephone, mobile Internet access,video calls and mobile TV, all in a mobile environment.

Several telecommunications companies market wireless mobile Internet services as 3G, indicating that the advertised service is provided over a 3G wireless network. Services advertised as 3G are required to meet IMT-2000 technical standards, including standards for reliability and speed (data transfer rates). To meet the IMT-2000 standards, a system is required to provide peak data rates of at least 200 kbit/s (about 0.2 Mbit/s). However, many services advertised as 3G provide higher speed than the minimum technical requirements for a 3G service. Recent 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to smartphones and mobile modems in laptop computers.

4G:

In telecommunications, 4G is the fourth generation of cell phone mobile communications standards. It is a successor of the third generation (3G) standards. A 4G system provides mobile ultra-broadband Internet access, for example to laptops with USB wireless modems, to smartphones, and to other mobile devices. Conceivable applications include amended mobile web access, IP telephony, gaming services, high-definition mobile TV, video conferencing and 3D television.

Two 4G candidate systems are commercially deployed: The Mobile WiMAX standard (at first in South Korea in 2006), and the first-release Long term evolution (LTE) standard (in Scandinavia since 2009). It has however been debated if these first-release versions should be considered as 4G or not. See technical definition. In the U.S. Sprint Nextel has deployed Mobile WiMAX networks since 2008, and MetroPCS was the first operator to offer LTE service in 2010. USB wireless modems have been available since the start, while WiMAX smartphones have been available since 2010, and LTE smartphones since 2011. Equipment made for different continents are not always compatible, because of different frequency bands. Mobile WiMAX and LTE smartphones are currently (April 2012) not available for the European market.

VOIP:

Voice over IP (VoIP) commonly refers to the communication protocols, technologies, methodologies, and transmission techniques involved in the delivery of voice communications andmultimedia sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet. Other terms commonly associated with VoIP are IP telephony, Internet telephony, voice over broadband (VoBB),broadband telephony, and broadband phone.

Internet telephony refers to communications services —voice, fax, SMS, and/or voice-messaging applications— that are transported via the Internet, rather than the public switched telephone network (PSTN). The steps involved in originating a VoIP telephone call are signaling and media channel setup, digitization of the analog voice signal, encoding, packetization, and transmission asInternet Protocol (IP) packets over a packet-switched network. On the receiving side, similar steps (usually in the reverse order) such as reception of the IP packets, decoding of the packets and digital-to-analog conversion reproduce the original voice stream.^[1] Even though IP Telephony and VoIP are terms that are used interchangeably, they are actually different; IP telephony has to do with digital telephony systems that use IP protocols for voice communication, while VoIP is actually a subset of IP Telephony. VoIP is a technology used by IP telephony as a means of transporting phone calls.^[2]

Three-tier architecture

In a three-tier architecture (also known as a multi-tier architecture), there are three or more interacting tiers, each with its own specific responsibilities.

Three-Tier Architecture

• Tier 1: the client contains the presentation logic, including simple control and user input validation. This application is also known as a thin client.
• Tier 2: the middle tier is also known as the application server, which provides the business processes logic and the data access.
• Tier 3: the data server provides the business data.

These are some of the advantages of a three-tier architecture:

• It is easier to modify or replace any tier without affecting the other tiers.
• Separating the application and database functionality means better load balancing.
• Adequate security policies can be enforced within the server tiers without hindering the clients.

Three-tier architecture is an architectural deployment style that describe the separation of functionality into layers with each segment being a tier that can be located on a physically separate computer. They evolved through thecomponent-oriented approach, generally using platform specific methods for communication instead of a message-based approach.

This architecture has different usages with different applications. It can be used in web applications and distributed applications. The strength in particular is when using this architecture over distributed systems. In this course work, I will furthermore invest this through the example of three-tier architecture in web applications.